Less Is More

1.什麼是虛擬假設?

例一

如果我是你，我就弄死他(虛擬假設)

如果明天下雨，我來接你(真實假設，不適用以下原則)

例二

If I were a woman I would marry him.

透過明顯的語法錯誤，表示我不是真的要去做
表示跟真實相反、跟現狀相反、說屁話

If I am a woman I can marry him.
語法正確，表示真的要去變性

(這是舉例，假設語一定要語法錯誤才正確)

2.基本模式:時態後移，造成語法錯誤

過去:用完成示表示(表不可挽回)

If+過去完成式(had)，過去助動詞+have+pp
If I had come last night, I wouldn’t have missed your performance.

現在:用過去表示(表開玩笑)

If+過去式(were)，~would/could/should/might~
If I were you ,I would kill him
If it rained now,I would cry.

將來:用現在表示(表可能發生)

If+現在式，~will/shall/may/can~
If I die tomorrow,I will die with honor.

雜交

如果我早點認識你，我明天就和他離婚(過去+將來)
If I had met you earlier , I will divorce him tomorrow.

3.倒裝結構(主要用在書面語中)

虛擬條件句中有were had should 可以把if省略

而把were had should放在主語前

Were it necessary, I might resign.

Had you informed me earlier, I would not have signed the contract.

Should I have time,I would call on her.

4.建、規、要、命 的虛擬(應做而未做)

建、規、要、命 +(省略should)+原型

I suggest (that)she (should)go home now.

為何習慣省略should?should應該，語氣太強硬

易錯:不是所有建、規、要、命 都用原型，要看意思

His dark face suggests表明 that he …to the beach last week.

The man insisted認為 that he had never stolen the money.

5.用假設語法的特殊情景

would rather 寧願

What would you do with 100million dollars?

(但如過真的有1億，就用正常語法)

Without water,we would not live today.

It is time that +ved

It is time that we had lunch.(過去早該做，應做而未做)

It is time (for sb) to do sth.(強調現在做)

as if 貌似

He walks as if he were a girl.

If only 如果…就好了

lest以免

Put on your coat lest you would get cold.

but for若不是

But for your money,I would have lost.

wish 祝福，不能發生(虛擬假設，用假設語法)
hope 能夠發生(真實假設，不用假設語法)

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